窝阔台，元太祖成吉思汗的第三子，自幼生长在战乱之中，因其英勇善战而被父亲倾心。公元1203年，他随父征伐克烈部，与敌军殊死搏斗，身受重伤。在铁木真消灭乃蛮后，他被赠予脱列哥那为妻，并与她生下了定宗贵由。

成吉思汗对四子各有所好，但最终选择窝阔台继承大业。他性格机智多谋、治国才能超群，对于帝国的未来发展更具远见。成吉思汗在西征前夕召集诸子及胞弟，决定将嗣位之权授予窝阔台。

作为继承人，窝阔台跟随父亲讨伐花剌子模国。在攻讹答剌时，他和察合台联合指挥，最终攻破城池，将守将亦难出处死。这次胜利使得蒙古军声威大振。

随后，窝阔台继续参与父亲的西征。他协助术赤和察合泰围困玉龙杰赤，在兄弟间调解矛盾，并以严整的军纪统一指挥ultimately breached the city walls. The city was razed, and its inhabitants were either killed or enslaved.

After the fall of Jalalabad, Chagatai Khan (Chaghatai) and Ögedei Khan (Ögödei) continued their campaign against the Khwarezmid Empire. In 1224, Genghis Khan personally led a raid into India across the Indus River, forcing Shah Muhammad II to flee.

Throughout his life, Möngke Khan demonstrated his martial prowess and strategic thinking. He played a crucial role in expanding Mongol territories beyond Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Under his rule, trade flourished between East Asia and Europe through the Silk Road.

Möngke's reign also saw significant advancements in governance. He established a system of provincial administration that allowed for more efficient taxation and military mobilization. His reforms helped strengthen the Mongol Empire's economy and military power.

Despite his achievements as emperor, Möngke faced opposition from some members of his family who resented him for usurping power from other branches of the royal family. However, he remained steadfast in pursuing Genghis Khan's vision for a unified empire under one ruler.

Möngke died on August 11th or 8th month lunar calendar year during an expedition against Japan in 1251 at age around 56-57 years old while preparing to launch an invasion of Japan which would have been called "Bù lǐ zhì" meaning "Invasion by Sea".